Hepatitis B Vaccine Singapore

How Is Hepatitis B Transmitted?

Hepatitis B spreads when blood or bodily fluids from an infected person enter another person’s body. Transmission can happen through:

• Mother-to-child transmission during childbirth
• Sharing needles or syringes
• Unprotected sex with an infected person
• Sharing items such as razors or toothbrushes that might be contaminated with infected blood

What Are Some Symptoms of Hepatitis B?

Hepatitis B may cause a range of symptoms, including:

• Abdominal discomfort
• Yellowing of the eyes or skin (jaundice)
• Pain in the joints
• Nausea and vomiting

Hepatitis B may not present any symptoms in some cases, especially during the early stages. If you suspect exposure or experience symptoms, it is advisable to consult a doctor for testing and advice.

Hepatitis B Vaccine Schedule for Adults

Under the National Adult Immunisation Schedule (NAIS), adults aged 18 and above who have never been vaccinated, or lack evidence of past infection or immunity, are encouraged to complete the three-dose series.

The schedule for adults is:

• First dose – At baseline
• Second dose – One month after the first
• Third dose – Six months after the first

Completing the full series is important for developing adequate and lasting immunity. In some cases, accelerated schedules may be used for specific travel or medical reasons, though these should be discussed with your doctor.

What Are Some Side Effects of the Vaccine?

Side effects of the Hepatitis B vaccine are generally mild and temporary. These may include:

• Feeling faint – Remaining seated for at least 15 minutes after the injection can reduce the risk.
• Local reactions – Pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site may occur; applying a cold compress can offer relief.
• General symptoms – Headache or low-grade fever can be managed with paracetamol.
• Other effects – Some individuals may feel tired, dizzy, or irritable; these typically resolve on their own.

Seek medical attention if side effects persist or worsen.

How Long Does Hepatitis B Vaccine Last?

In most individuals, the full three-dose series provides long-term protection that can last for decades, and possibly for life.

Routine booster doses are not usually required for those with a healthy immune system, although certain high-risk groups may benefit from periodic testing or additional doses based on exposure risk.

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