Liraglutide: A Guide to Uses & Side Effects

Medically Reviewed By: Dr Jana Lim | MBChB, MMed | Board-Accredited Family Physician

MBChB, MMed | Board-Accredited Family Physician

Last updated: Dec 23, 2025

Person preparing liraglutide injection pen for managing type 2 diabetes or weight

What Is Liraglutide?

Liraglutide is a prescription injectable medication that belongs to a class of medicines known as GLP-1 receptor agonists. It works by mimicking a naturally occurring hormone called glucagon-like peptide-1, which plays a role in regulating appetite and blood sugar levels. Other medications in this class include semaglutide, dulaglutide, and tirzepatide.

For optimal results, treatment with liraglutide is typically prescribed as part of a comprehensive care plan that includes lifestyle adjustments like a healthy diet, consistent physical activity, and other medical interventions.

Liraglutide Mechanism of Action: How Does It Work?

Liraglutide works by imitating a natural hormone to improve the body's management of blood sugar and appetite. It achieves this through a multi-faceted approach:

It targets hunger centres in the brain to effectively reduce appetite, which can lead to a lower calorie intake and assist with weight management.
It delays the process of stomach emptying, which helps you feel full for longer after meals and prevents sharp increases in blood sugar.
It stimulates the pancreas to release more insulin when blood sugar levels are high, helping cells absorb glucose from the blood.
It suppresses the production of glucagon, a hormone that signals the liver to release stored glucose, thereby helping to stabilise blood sugar levels.

What Are the Uses of Liraglutide?

Liraglutide may be considered for specific therapeutic purposes based on individual health needs:

Purpose	Details
Appetite and Satiety Regulation	Used alongside diet and exercise to support long-term appetite regulation in adults. Typically considered for adults who have: A higher BMI with related health conditions Clinical indicators suggesting additional intervention may be appropriate
Blood Sugar Regulation	To support more stable glucose levels. Typically considered for: Adults who require additional support beyond lifestyle measures alone Situations where first-line options are not suitable or have been insufficient

Liraglutide Dosage and Administration

Person checking blood sugar using glucometer to check effects of liraglutide on type 2 diabetes

Liraglutide is administered as a once-daily injection just under the skin (subcutaneously), with common injection sites being the thigh, abdomen, or upper arm.

The dosage varies depending on the purpose it is being used for and is adjusted based on individual response and treatment goals.

Starting dose – Typically 0.6 mg per day
Dose titration – Gradually increased at weekly intervals to improve tolerance
Maintenance dose – Determined by the prescribing doctor based on clinical assessment, up to a maximum of 3.0 mg daily

Disclaimer: This information is for general reference only and should not replace professional medical guidance.

"Daily dosing gives us more flexibility to adjust gradually, which can help reduce side effects in the early stages. This makes it easier to find the right dose for each patient." "Daily dosing gives us more flexibility to adjust gradually, which can help reduce side effects in the early stages. This makes it easier to find the right dose for each patient."

Dr Jana Lim | MBChB, MMed, Family Physician

Dr Jana Lim
MBChB, MMed, Family Physician

What Are Potential Side Effects of Liraglutide?

Like any medicine, liraglutide carries a risk of side effects, though many are mild and often lessen as your body adjusts to the medication. Common side effects can include:

Gastrointestinal issues like nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, stomach pain, or constipation
Decreased appetite or a change in your sense of taste
Mild reactions at the injection site, such as itching, swelling, or redness
Tiredness or low energy
Slightly elevated heart rate

While most side effects are not serious, you should seek medical attention immediately if you experience severe symptoms:

Intense and persistent abdominal pain, which could be a sign of pancreatitis.
Signs of gallbladder issues, such as pain in the upper right abdomen, nausea, or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).
An allergic reaction involving a rash, difficulty breathing, or swelling.

Disclaimer: This is not a complete list of side effects. Always consult your doctor if you have any concerns.

Who Should Not Use Liraglutide?

Doctor holding diagnosis form showing type 1 diabetes, indicating unsuitability for liraglutide

Liraglutide is not appropriate for every person, and its use is contraindicated in certain individuals. It is generally not prescribed to people with:

Personal or family history of specific thyroid cancers, such as medullary thyroid carcinoma, or by those with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN2), due to a potential risk of tumours.
Type 1 diabetes, because its mechanism depends on the body's ability to produce some of its own insulin, which is compromised in this condition.
Severe digestive conditions like gastroparesis (delayed stomach emptying), as the medication can worsen the condition by further slowing down digestion.

Is Liraglutide Available Over the Counter in Singapore?

Liraglutide cannot be purchased over the counter in Singapore as it is a prescription-only medication. You must undergo a consultation with a qualified doctor to ensure that the medication is an appropriate treatment for your specific health needs and circumstances.

Regular follow-up appointments are also crucial for monitoring your response to the treatment and allowing your doctor to make any necessary adjustments to your care plan.