Dulaglutide Explained: Blood Sugar Control and Side Effects

Dulaglutide Mechanism of Action: How Does Work?

Dulaglutide helps maintain stable blood sugar levels and influences appetite through several effects:

1. Stimulates the pancreas to release insulin, but only when glucose levels are high.
2. Reduces glucagon release, a hormone that signals the liver to release stored sugar into the bloodstream.
3. Slows how quickly food moves from the stomach into the intestines (gastric emptying), extending feelings of fullness.
4. Stimulates GLP-1 receptors in the brain that control hunger, helping reduce calorie intake.

Together, these actions improve diabetes control by keeping blood sugar within a healthier range, with the added benefit of potentially supporting modest weight loss when paired with diet and lifestyle adjustments.

Dulaglutide & Other GLP-1 Medications

Although dulaglutide is part of the GLP-1 receptor agonist class, each medicine within this group differs in dosage schedule, delivery method, and approved medical uses.

Who Might Benefit from Dulaglutide?

Dulaglutide may be an option for people with type 2 diabetes who:

1. Have not achieved sufficient blood sugar control with oral medication alone.
2. Prefer a once-weekly injection instead of daily tablets or frequent injections.
3. Face higher cardiovascular risk or have existing heart disease, as research suggests dulaglutide can reduce the likelihood of heart attack or stroke.

What Are Potential Side Effects of Dulaglutide?

As with many other medications, side effects can occur with dulaglutide, particularly when starting treatment. Commonly reported issues include:

• Nausea, diarrhoea, vomiting, bloating, or stomach pain.
• Fatigue or low energy levels.
• Mild redness, swelling, or itching at the injection site.
• A slight increase in heart rate.

Most of these symptoms are temporary and tend to lessen as the body adjusts. However, seek urgent medical advice if you experience:

• Severe or persistent abdominal pain.
• Sudden upper stomach pain with nausea, which may suggest pancreatitis.
• Fever, yellowing of the eyes or skin, or pain under the ribs, which may indicate gallbladder problems.

Disclaimer: This list does not cover all possible side effects, so always speak with a doctor if you are unsure.

Who Is Unsuitable for Dulaglutide Treatment?

Dulaglutide is usually not recommended for:

• People with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis, as it relies on the body still producing insulin.
• Anyone with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2, due to potential thyroid-related risks.
• Individuals with severe digestive conditions such as gastroparesis, since dulaglutide slows stomach emptying and may worsen these symptoms.

Can I Get Dulaglutide in Singapore?

Dulaglutide can only be obtained in Singapore with a doctor’s prescription and is not available over the counter.

A consultation with a doctor or endocrinologist is required to confirm whether it is suitable, and follow-up appointments are recommended to monitor progress and adjust the treatment plan if necessary.